![]() It has medial and lateral heads and forms the characteristic "calf" shape of the leg. The gastrocnemius is the most superficial of all the muscles in the posterior leg. Deep bursa of the calcaneal tendon - lies between the tendon and the calcaneus.Subcutaneous calcaneal bursa - lies between the skin and the calcaneal tendon.In this article, we shall look at the anatomy of the muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg - their attachments, actions and clinical correlations. They are innervated by the tibial nerve (a branch of the sciatic nerve). The muscles in this compartment act to plantarflex and invert the foot. The posterior compartment of the leg contains seven muscles and can be subdivided into superficial and deep compartments. It also contributes to the medial arch of the foot. Actions: Inversion and plantarflexion of the foot.The tendon enters the foot posterior to the medial malleolus and attaches to the plantar surfaces of the medial tarsal bones. Attachments: Originates from the posterior surface and interosseous membrane of the tibia and fibula. ![]() It lies between the flexor digitorum longus and the flexor hallucis longus. The tibialis posterior is the deepest out of the four muscles. ![]() Attachments: Originates from the posterior surface of the fibula and attaches to the plantar surface of the phalanx of the great toe. ![]() The flexor hallucis longus muscle is located laterally within the posterior compartment (this is slightly counter-intuitive, as it is the opposite side to the great toe).
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